The uncertainties of the mechanisms have been reflected as overconservativeness, inconsistence and empiricism in current design methods of those applications. In those applications, reinforcement mechanisms of the geosynthetics are vaguely described as confinement, interlocking, and load shedding respectively but not fully understood. Nowadays geosynthetics have been used as a routine reinforcement in earth structures such as mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls, column-supported embankments, soil slopes, and paved/unpaved roads. Finally a comparison between results is made and the advantages and limitations of each code and software are addressed. Also several softwares such as PLAXIS, FLAC2D, MSEW and ReSSA are used. 308, 2005), and guideline of Road Congress India 2014.
These analysis are based on various guidelines such as FHWA (NHI-10-024., 2009), BS (8006. In this article, in order to evaluate the above mentioned topics, results of some parametric studies for an assumed abutment structure are presented. There are several guidelines and softwares that are normally being used for design of the above-mentioned structures, However, most of them (if not all) do not make any recommendation for critical conditions and miscellaneous details such as connection of reinforcing element to the wall facade and to the retained zone, while those can jeopardize the whole structure stability.
And the evaluation of these structures in special loading conditions such as point and linear loads over abutments and also special geometrical conditions such as the nearness to adjacent structures, for example soil nailed wall, may be frequently necessary. Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Structures are widely deployed in variety of applications around the world.
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